One of the most immediate impacts of preparing to host the World Cup is the significant investment required in infrastructure. Host countries often spend billions of dollars upgrading stadiums, transportation networks, and telecommunications systems. For instance, the 2014 World Cup in Brazil saw the government spend approximately $3 billion on stadium renovations and construction alone. Similarly, Russia invested over $11 billion in infrastructure, including the construction of new stadiums and the refurbishment of existing ones for the 2018 World Cup.

While these investments can be substantial, their necessity extends beyond the tournament. The upgraded transport networks, improved airports, and modernized telecommunication systems can benefit the host nation well beyond the World Cup, potentially boosting economic development in the long run. However, there is also the risk of "white elephants," where stadiums and other infrastructures remain underused after the event.

The influx of tourists during the World Cup is another significant economic impact, contributing to various sectors such as hospitality, retail, and services. Host countries often experience a surge in visitor numbers, not only during the event but also in the years leading up to and following the World Cup, as the tournament raises the country's international profile.

For example, South Africa welcomed approximately 310,000 visitors during the 2010 World Cup, and Brazil saw around 1 million foreigners attend the 2014 World Cup. These visitors spend on accommodation, food, travel, and entertainment, which can inject considerable amounts into the local economy. The global exposure from the World Cup also promotes tourism long after the tournament, contributing to sustained economic benefits.

The potential economic boost from hosting the World Cup can be significant. According to FIFA, the 2018 World Cup added approximately $14 billion to the Russian economy, equivalent to about 1% of the country's GDP. However, the long-term economic impact is debatable. The initial financial outlay for hosting the event can be enormous, and not all investments have guaranteed returns.

The key to maximizing the World Cup's economic benefits lies in strategic planning and legacy management. Infrastructure projects need to be sustainable and integrated into the country's broader economic plans. For instance, Germany used the 2006 World Cup as an opportunity to enhance urban development, focusing on sustainable stadium use and transportation projects that continue to benefit the country.